For Esau Loe, protecting the sea is about safeguarding both nature and the future of his community. As Head of the Community-Based Surveillance Group (Kelompok Masyarakat Pengawas or Pokmaswas) in Holulai Village, Rote Ndao, Indonesia, Loe works with fellow community members to monitor coastal waters, raise awareness of marine conservation, and encourage the sustainable use of marine resources. His local knowledge and years of observing the coastline also provide valuable insights into the presence of dugongs and the condition of their habitats.
Loe explained that dugongs, locally known as lui, are still occasionally seen in the waters around Holulai, particularly where healthy seagrass meadows remain.
“There used to be many lui (dugongs) here. When they feel safe and there is no disturbance, they come down to feed on the utalo (seagrass). They only appear when it is quiet, especially during high tide.”
His observations reinforce what scientists have long recognised: dugongs depend almost entirely on seagrass for food, making healthy seagrass ecosystems essential for their survival. They also highlight the importance of local ecological knowledge in identifying areas where dugongs continue to occur.
Community-based surveillance groups such as Pokmaswas play an important role in supporting coastal management across Indonesia. Working alongside government agencies, members help monitor marine resources, report destructive fishing practices, and promote compliance with conservation regulations through community outreach and education.
Loe recalled that dugongs were once hunted in the area, but attitudes have changed significantly over time. Today, together with other Pokmaswas members, he helps raise awareness that dugongs, marine turtles, and other protected species should not be hunted or captured, reflecting growing community support for marine conservation. Despite this progress, he believes continued protection is essential.
For the people of Holulai, protecting marine ecosystems is also about protecting livelihoods. Healthy coastal habitats provide food, income, and other resources that communities depend on every day.
“Protecting the sea is essential for future generations. Our livelihoods and prosperity come from the sea.”
Through the Dugong and Seagrass Conservation Initiative (DSCI), the ATSEA Program is working with local communities, government agencies, and research institutions to strengthen the conservation of dugongs and seagrass habitats in Rote Ndao. Community members such as Esau Loe demonstrate how local stewardship and traditional knowledge can complement scientific research, helping build a stronger foundation for conserving these interconnected ecosystems for generations to come.
By Casandra Tania